What is a Computer Programmer?
Computer programmers create, modify, and test the code and scripts that allow computer applications and software to function properly. They transform the program designs created by software developers and engineers into instructions that a computer can follow. By using various programming languages like Python, Java, and C++, they ensure that software is efficient, functional, and free of errors.
Typical Education
A bachelor’s degree in computer science or a related subject is typically required, though some employers hire workers who have an associate’s degree or experience in specific programming languages.
Salary Range in the United States
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual wage for computer programmers was $98,670 in May 2024. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $52,190, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $162,090.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook
Day in the Life
How to Become a Computer Programmer
Most aspiring programmers begin by earning a bachelor's degree in computer science, mathematics, or information technology. During your studies, it is vital to master at least one or two widely-used programming languages and build a portfolio of projects through internships or open-source contributions. While a degree is common, some individuals enter the field through intensive coding bootcamps or by earning specialized vendor certifications in specific technologies. Because the tech landscape evolves rapidly, a commitment to continuous learning and staying updated on new languages and tools is essential for long-term career success.
Essential Skills
- Analytical Thinking: The ability to understand complex instructions and break them down into logical, sequential steps for the computer.
- Problem-Solving: Identifying why a piece of code is not working and finding the most efficient way to fix it.
- Attention to Detail: Precision is critical, as a single misplaced character can prevent an entire program from running correctly.
- Perseverance: The patience to test, debug, and refine code repeatedly until it performs exactly as intended.
- Communication: Effectively discussing technical requirements with software developers and non-technical clients to ensure the final product meets expectations.
Key Responsibilities
- Code Development: Writing programs in various languages such as Java, C++, or Python based on specifications from software developers.
- Testing and Debugging: Running programs to identify errors (bugs) and repairing the code to ensure it produces the correct results.
- Updating Programs: Modifying and expanding existing software to increase operating efficiency or adapt to new hardware requirements.
- Language Translation: Rewriting code into different programming languages to ensure applications are compatible across various operating systems.
- Documentation: Creating detailed diagrams and flowcharts to explain the logic of the code so other programmers can maintain or update it in the future.
Five Common Interview Questions
- Employers want to see that you understand the strengths and weaknesses of different languages for various types of development.
- This reveals your technical logic and your ability to use debugging tools and resources effectively.
- This assesses your professionalism and whether you follow industry best practices like commenting and logical naming conventions.
- Programmers often work with clients or managers; this tests your ability to translate "code-speak" into understandable business terms.
- Since technology changes fast, interviewers look for candidates who demonstrate a passion for self-taught learning and growth.
Questions?
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